Main Content

genqammod

General quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)

Description

example

Y = genqammod(X,const) returns the complex envelop of the QAM for message signal X. Input const specifies the signal mapping for the modulation.

Examples

collapse all

Transmit and receive data using a nonrectangular 16-ary constellation in the presence of Gaussian noise. Show the scatter plot of the noisy constellation and estimate the symbol error rate (SER) for two different SNRs.

Create a 16-QAM constellation based on the V.29 standard for telephone-line modems.

c = [-5 -5i 5 5i -3 -3-3i -3i 3-3i 3 3+3i 3i -3+3i -1 -1i 1 1i];
sigpower = pow2db(mean(abs(c).^2));
M = length(c);

Generate random symbols.

data = randi([0 M-1],2000,1);

Modulate the data by using the genqammod function. General QAM modulation is necessary because the custom constellation is not rectangular.

modData = genqammod(data,c);

Pass the signal through an AWGN channel with a 20 dB SNR.

rxSig = awgn(modData,20,sigpower);

Display a scatter plot of the received signal and the reference constellation c.

h = scatterplot(rxSig);
hold on
scatterplot(c,[],[],'r*',h)
grid
hold off

Demodulate the received signal by using the genqamdemod function. Determine the number of symbol errors and the SER.

demodData = genqamdemod(rxSig,c);
[numErrors,ser] = symerr(data,demodData)
numErrors = 4
ser = 0.0020

Repeat the transmission and demodulation process with an AWGN channel with a 10 dB SNR. Determine the SER for the reduced SNR. As expected, the performance degrades when the SNR is decreased.

rxSig = awgn(modData,10,sigpower);
demodData = genqamdemod(rxSig,c);
[numErrors,ser] = symerr(data,demodData)
numErrors = 457
ser = 0.2285

Create the points that describe a hexagonal constellation.

inphase = [1/2 1 1 1/2 1/2 2 2 5/2];
quadr = [0 1 -1 2 -2 1 -1 0];
inphase = [inphase;-inphase]; inphase = inphase(:);
quadr = [quadr;quadr]; quadr = quadr(:);
const = inphase + 1i*quadr;

Plot the constellation.

h = scatterplot(const);

Generate input data symbols. Modulate the symbols using this constellation.

x = [3 8 5 10 7];
y = genqammod(x,const);

Demodulate the modulated signal, y.

z = genqamdemod(y,const);

Plot the modulated signal in same figure.

hold on;
scatterplot(y,1,0,'ro',h);
legend('Constellation','Modulated signal');
hold off;

Determine the number of symbol errors between the demodulated data to the original sequence.

numErrs = symerr(x,z)
numErrs = 0

Input Arguments

collapse all

Message signal, specified as a scalar, vector, matrix, numeric array, or a dlarray (Deep Learning Toolbox) object. For more information, see Array Support. The message signal must consist of integers in the range [0,length(const) – 1]. If X is a matrix with multiple rows, the function processes the columns independently.

Data Types: double | single | fi | int8 | int16 | uint8 | uint16

Signal mapping, specified as a complex vector.

Data Types: double | single | fi | int8 | int16 | uint8 | uint16
Complex Number Support: Yes

Output Arguments

collapse all

Complex envelope, returned as a scalar, vector, matrix, or 3-D array of numeric values. The length of Y is the same as the length of input X.

Data Types: double | single | fi | int8 | int16 | uint8 | uint16

More About

collapse all

Array Support

The genqammod function supports input signals represented in a numeric array, dlarray (Deep Learning Toolbox), or gpuArray (Parallel Computing Toolbox). If inputs are specified as a combination of dlarray and gpuArray, the returned matrix is a dlarray object on the GPU.

The number of batch observations (NB) is an optional dimension that can be added to the input for all supported data types.

  • X — The input data can be a 3-D array, specified as NSym-by-NChan-by-NB array.

NSym is the number of symbols. NChan is the number of channels.

For a list of Communications Toolbox™ features that support dlarray objects, see AI for Wireless.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

expand all